Ultrasound-guided axillary block is a standard anesthetic technical for surgery of the lower part of the upper limbs including the arm, elbow, forearm, wrist andfingers. Methods and results: We carried out a prospective and descriptive study over 03 years on patients undergoing upper limb surgery under ultrasoundguided axillary block, out in the surgery department of the CHDII saint croix Isoanala south Madagascar,rural area.Thepurpose of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of ultrasound-guided axillary blocks for upper limb surgery.Weincluded67patientswithameanageof35.53±10.68yearswith a predominantly male population. The majority of our patients were classified ASAI. The average installation time of the sensitivity block is 11.09 ± 3.86 minutes. The average block realization time is 8.62 ± 1.39 minutes. The average duration of the sensitivity block is 270.10 ± 57.32 minutes. The success rate is estimated at 88.05%. Complications were observed in 22.38% of cases (N=15), including 5 paresthesia, 3 vascular punctures, 4 infiltration pain and 3 tachycardia. Conclusion:Axillaryblockisananesthesiatechniquethatcanbeperformed even in a rural hospital center. This technique can replace general anesthesia for some upper limb surgeries. The use of ultrasonography makes it easy to carry out and reduces the doses of anesthetics.
