By coating immunogenic cell wall components like β-glucan with harmless coverings like mannoproteins and α-glucan that the host is less likely to recognize, pathogenic fungi conceal themselves from their hosts. The success of efforts to comprehend how such processes are controlled has varied. Studies often concentrate on comprehending how fungi respond transcriptionally to either their reservoir environment or the host. However, because of the levels of post-transcriptional and posttranslational regulation that take place within a cell, such techniques do not completely address this study subject. Although the effects of posttranscriptional and post-translational regulation have been extensively studied in mammals, we know less about these mechanisms in the kingdom of fungi. Mutations in RNA-binding proteins, such as Candida albicans Slr1 and Ssd1, impact the structure of the cell wall and the pathogenicity of the fungus, demonstrating the importance of posttranscriptional control in these processes. By using research on model yeast and plant pathogenic fungi, we examine the present state of knowledge on fungal post-transcriptional regulation and relate it to putative immune evasion mechanisms. We focus on several RNA-binding proteins that control the production of cell walls and could be involved in the local translation of cell wall constituents. To fully understand fungal virulence mechanisms and for the development of innovative antifungal medicines, it is crucial to increase our understanding of posttranscriptional regulation in human fungal infections.
