Probiotic-rich fermented foods have gained popularity as therapeutic choices with purported medical properties in a number of communities. We now understand the significance of microbial balance and how probiotics can correct imbalances. Probiotics have undergone testing for several therapeutic applications as the treatment of various diseases, preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), and preventing allergies, treating illnesses like H. pylori infection, irritable bowel syndrome, vaginitis, and neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis. The most common therapeutic use for probiotics has been for AAD, Up to 30% of individuals experience AAD, a typical adverse effect of antibiotic use. The rationale for utilising probiotics for AAD is that they help restore a disturbed flora. Probiotics may promote intestinal health through a variety of mechanisms, including immune system enhancement, (ii) improvement of gut barrier integrity, (iii) production of antimicrobial substances, (iv) modulation of the gut microbiome, (v) increased water absorption, and (vi) reduction of opportunistic pathogens. The advantages of probiotics in treating AAD have been demonstrated in numerous randomizedcontrolled trials, including strain-specific trials using Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces and meta-analyses. Probiotics have been associated with some side effects, but overall, they are regarded as a secure and affordable preventative treatment option for AAD and other gastrointestinal illnesses.
